Abstract
In today’s world, competition in the global trade arena is increasingly intense. To achieve sustainable economic growth and create employment, countries are compelled to strengthen their exports. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to develop an export competitiveness framework through a systematic review of previous literature. This research employs a qualitative method based on a systematic literature review. A total of 303 articles were examined, and after several screening stages, 33 articles were selected for the final analysis. The study proposes a comprehensive framework for export competitiveness that encompasses various dimensions of export competitiveness (competitive advantages, competitiveness indicators, and export performance), antecedents of export competitiveness at multiple levels (firm-level, industry-level, and country-level factors), consequences of export competitiveness (productivity growth, market performance, and financial export performance), intervening factors (market- and government-related), and contextual factors (economic and political). The findings indicate that export competitiveness is a multidimensional concept influenced by numerous factors across firm, industry, and national levels. Overall, the study shows that achieving export competitiveness requires simultaneous attention to factors at various levels and the adoption of an integrated and holistic approach.